Diferencia entre revisiones de «ISBN 9780521542173»

La enciclopedia de ciencias y tecnologías en Argentina

(Índice inicial)
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[[Responsable::Ziman, John (compilador)]]; [[Titulo::''Technological innovation as an evolutionary process'']]; [[Editorial::Cambridge University Press]]; [[Lugar_Edicion::Cambridge (Inglaterra)]]; [[Año_Edicion::2000]]; [[:[[IL::ISBN 9780521542173]]]]&nbsp;(Ziman TIEP)<includeonly>{{#set_internal: Libro identificación|IL=ISBN 9780521542173}}</includeonly><noinclude>
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[[Responsable::Ziman, John (compilador)]]; [[Titulo::''Technological innovation as an evolutionary process'']]; [[Editorial::Cambridge University Press]]; [[Lugar_Edicion::Cambridge (Inglaterra)]]; [[Año_Edicion::2000]]; [[:[[IL::ISBN 9780521542173]]]]&nbsp;(Ziman TIEP)<includeonly>{{*set_internal: Libro identificación|IL=ISBN 9780521542173}}</includeonly><noinclude>
  
  
Línea 11: Línea 11:
 
* List of contributors. xiii.
 
* List of contributors. xiii.
 
* Preface. xv.
 
* Preface. xv.
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# 1 . Evolutionary models for technological change by John Ziman. .
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* 1 . Evolutionary models for technological change by John Ziman. .
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##1.1 The biological analogies. .
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**1.1 The biological analogies. .
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##1.2 The technological 'disanalogies'. .
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**1.2 The technological 'disanalogies'. .
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## 1.3 Is 'evolution' compatible with 'design'? .
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** 1.3 Is 'evolution' compatible with 'design'? .
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## 1.4 Artefacts as cultural constructs. .
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** 1.4 Artefacts as cultural constructs. .
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## I.5 Institutions. roles and behaviour. .
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** I.5 Institutions. roles and behaviour. .
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## 1.6 Selection ism versus instructionism. .
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** 1.6 Selection ism versus instructionism. .
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## 1.7 Undcrst.1nding innovation. .
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** 1.7 Undcrst.1nding innovation. .
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# 2 Biological evolution: processes and phenomena by Eva Jablonka and John Ziman. .
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* 2 Biological evolution: processes and phenomena by Eva Jablonka and John Ziman. .
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## 2.1 Darwin's theory today. .
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** 2.1 Darwin's theory today. .
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## 2.2 Heritable variation. .
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** 2.2 Heritable variation. .
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## 2.3 Multiplication and heredity. .
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** 2.3 Multiplication and heredity. .
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## 2.4 The objects of selection. .
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** 2.4 The objects of selection. .
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## 2.5 Adaptation. .
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** 2.5 Adaptation. .
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## 2.6 Speciation and macroevolution. .
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** 2.6 Speciation and macroevolution. .
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## 2.7 Progress and its ambivalences. .
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** 2.7 Progress and its ambivalences. .
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# 3 . Lamarckian inheritance systems in biology: a source of metaphors and models in technological evolution by Eva Jablonka. .
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* 3 . Lamarckian inheritance systems in biology: a source of metaphors and models in technological evolution by Eva Jablonka. .
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## 3.1 The genic model. .
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** 3.1 The genic model. .
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## 3.2 Dysfunctions of the genic model in cultural evolution. .
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** 3.2 Dysfunctions of the genic model in cultural evolution. .
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## 3.3 Epigenetic inheritance systems (EISs). .
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** 3.3 Epigenetic inheritance systems (EISs). .
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## 3.4 Induction and selection of epigenetic variations. .
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** 3.4 Induction and selection of epigenetic variations. .
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## 3.5 The 'unit' problem. .
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** 3.5 The 'unit' problem. .
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# 4 Selectionism and complexity by John Ziman. .
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* 4 Selectionism and complexity by John Ziman. .
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## 4.1 Adaptation by selection. .
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** 4.1 Adaptation by selection. .
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## 4.2 Other selective systems in biology. .
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** 4.2 Other selective systems in biology. .
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## 4.3 Selectionist methodology. .
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** 4.3 Selectionist methodology. .
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## 4.4 Emergent properties of computer models. .
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** 4.4 Emergent properties of computer models. .
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## 4.5 Complexity theory. .
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** 4.5 Complexity theory. .
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# 5 Evolutionary phenomena in technological change by Joel Mokyr. .
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* 5 Evolutionary phenomena in technological change by Joel Mokyr. .
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## 5.1 Introduction. .
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** 5.1 Introduction. .
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## 5.2 Techniques and evolution. .
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** 5.2 Techniques and evolution. .
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## 5.3 Selection units and replicators. .
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** 5.3 Selection units and replicators. .
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## 5.4 Vehicles and interactors. .
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** 5.4 Vehicles and interactors. .
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## 5.5 Selection and teleology. .
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** 5.5 Selection and teleology. .
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## 5.6 Innovation and adaptation. .
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** 5.6 Innovation and adaptation. .
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## 5.7 Summary: information and selection. .
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** 5.7 Summary: information and selection. .
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# 6 Selection criteria and selection processes in cultural evolution theories by Richard Nelson. 66.
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* 6 Selection criteria and selection processes in cultural evolution theories by Richard Nelson. 66.
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## 6.1 Different perspectives on technological evolution. .
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** 6.1 Different perspectives on technological evolution. .
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## 6.2 Technological change as one aspect of cultural evolution. .
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** 6.2 Technological change as one aspect of cultural evolution. .
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## 6.3 Differing views on selection criteria and mechanisms. .
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** 6.3 Differing views on selection criteria and mechanisms. .
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## 6.4 Technology as both practice and understanding. .
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** 6.4 Technology as both practice and understanding. .
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# 7 Technological evolution and involution: a preliminary comparison of Europe and Japan by Alan Macfarlane and Sarah Harrison. .
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* 7 Technological evolution and involution: a preliminary comparison of Europe and Japan by Alan Macfarlane and Sarah Harrison. .
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## 7.1 The industrious revolution. .
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** 7.1 The industrious revolution. .
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## 7.2 The West·European trajectory. .
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** 7.2 The West·European trajectory. .
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## 7.3 The decline in the use of domesticated animals in japan. .
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** 7.3 The decline in the use of domesticated animals in japan. .
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## 7.4 The declining use of the wheel in Japan. .
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** 7.4 The declining use of the wheel in Japan. .
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## 7.5 The outcome: intensive rice agriculture inJapan. .
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** 7.5 The outcome: intensive rice agriculture inJapan. .
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## 7.6 The puzzle of the different trajectory of Europe and Japan. .
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** 7.6 The puzzle of the different trajectory of Europe and Japan. .
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## 7.7 Possible reasons for the absence of domesticated animals in Japan. .
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** 7.7 Possible reasons for the absence of domesticated animals in Japan. .
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## 7.8 Theories to explain the declining use of the wheel. .
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** 7.8 Theories to explain the declining use of the wheel. .
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# 8 Stasis in complex artefacts by Gerry Martin. .
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* 8 Stasis in complex artefacts by Gerry Martin. .
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## 8.1 A skilled craft in a sophisticated civilization. .
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** 8.1 A skilled craft in a sophisticated civilization. .
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## 8.2 The Japanese sword. .
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** 8.2 The Japanese sword. .
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## 8.3 Iron + 0.7% carbon = steel. .
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** 8.3 Iron + 0.7% carbon = steel. .
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## 8.4 Quench hardening. .
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** 8.4 Quench hardening. .
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## 8.5 Keeping to what has been found. from long experience, to work. .
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** 8.5 Keeping to what has been found. from long experience, to work. .
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# 9 Gothic tales of spandrels, hooks and monsters: complexity, multiplicity and association in the explanation of technological change by David Turnbull. 101.
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* 9 Gothic tales of spandrels, hooks and monsters: complexity, multiplicity and association in the explanation of technological change by David Turnbull. 101.
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## 9.1 Explaining technological change. .
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** 9.1 Explaining technological change. .
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## 9.2 Two contrasting stories. .
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** 9.2 Two contrasting stories. .
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## 9.3 The social construction of science and technology. .
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** 9.3 The social construction of science and technology. .
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## 9.4 Thinking with cathedrals. .
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** 9.4 Thinking with cathedrals. .
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## 9.5 The power of the template. .
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** 9.5 The power of the template. .
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## 9.6 The power of talk. .
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** 9.6 The power of talk. .
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## 9.7 Theory and practice. .
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** 9.7 Theory and practice. .
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## 9.8 Analysing artefacts in use. .
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** 9.8 Analysing artefacts in use. .
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# 10 Path dependence and varieties ofiearning in the evolution of technological practice by Paula A. David. 118.
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* 10 Path dependence and varieties ofiearning in the evolution of technological practice by Paula A. David. 118.
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## 10.1 Introduction: varieties of learning in the economics of technology. 118.
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** 10.1 Introduction: varieties of learning in the economics of technology. 118.
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## 10.2 A concrete historical application. 121.
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** 10.2 A concrete historical application. 121.
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## 10.3 Inquiry by means of computer simulation: the 'Bayesian adaptive rhythm (BAR) model. 122.
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** 10.3 Inquiry by means of computer simulation: the 'Bayesian adaptive rhythm (BAR) model. 122.
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## 10.4 The historical frame and the computational bounds upon inferential learning . 124. .
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** 10.4 The historical frame and the computational bounds upon inferential learning . 124. .
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## 10.5 Simulation results . 127.
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** 10.5 Simulation results . 127.
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## 10.6 Some extrapolations . 129.
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** 10.6 Some extrapolations . 129.
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## 10.7 Imtructionist versus selectionist mechanisms in evolution . 131.
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** 10.7 Imtructionist versus selectionist mechanisms in evolution . 131.
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# 11 Invention and evolution: the case of Edison's sketches of the telephone by W. Bernard Carlson. 137.
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* 11 Invention and evolution: the case of Edison's sketches of the telephone by W. Bernard Carlson. 137.
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## 11.1 The evolutionary role of the inventor . 137.
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** 11.1 The evolutionary role of the inventor . 137.
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## 11.2 Demystifying the process of invention . 138.
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** 11.2 Demystifying the process of invention . 138.
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## 11.3 A historical interlude: Edison, acoustic telegraphy, and the Reis telephone 139.
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** 11.3 A historical interlude: Edison, acoustic telegraphy, and the Reis telephone 139.
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## 11.4 Edison's transfonnative sketches ofthe Reis telephone . 143.
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** 11.4 Edison's transfonnative sketches ofthe Reis telephone . 143.
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## 11.5 Another historical interlude: Bell. Western Union and Edison's contract . 148.
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** 11.5 Another historical interlude: Bell. Western Union and Edison's contract . 148.
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## 11.6 Sketches as fossils: taking a palaeontological approach . 149.
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** 11.6 Sketches as fossils: taking a palaeontological approach . 149.
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## 11.7 Making maps to find patterns in the fossil record . 150.
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** 11.7 Making maps to find patterns in the fossil record . 150.
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## 11.8 A narrative overview of Edison's work on the telephone . 151.
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** 11.8 A narrative overview of Edison's work on the telephone . 151.
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## 11.9 So what do these maps tell us about invention and evolution? . 155.
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** 11.9 So what do these maps tell us about invention and evolution? . 155.
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## 11.10 Edison as breeder. 157.
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** 11.10 Edison as breeder. 157.
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# 12 The evolution of adaptive form by David Perkins. .
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* 12 The evolution of adaptive form by David Perkins. .
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## 12.1 The evolution of adaptive form. .
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** 12.1 The evolution of adaptive form. .
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## 12.2 The challenge of adaptive form. .
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** 12.2 The challenge of adaptive form. .
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## 12.3 Strategies of search. .
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** 12.3 Strategies of search. .
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## 12.4 How biological evolution is Klondike smart. .
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** 12.4 How biological evolution is Klondike smart. .
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## 12.5 How human invention is Klondike smarter. .
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** 12.5 How human invention is Klondike smarter. .
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## 12.6 Is invention Lamarckian or Darwinian?. .
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** 12.6 Is invention Lamarckian or Darwinian?. .
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# 13 Real-world variation-selection in the evolution of technological form: historical examples by Walter G. Vincenti. 174.
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* 13 Real-world variation-selection in the evolution of technological form: historical examples by Walter G. Vincenti. 174.
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## 13.1 The constraints of the real world. .
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** 13.1 The constraints of the real world. .
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## 13.2 Variation-selection in direct use. .
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** 13.2 Variation-selection in direct use. .
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## 13.3 Variation-selection in design. .
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** 13.3 Variation-selection in design. .
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## 13.4 Variation-selection in a design community. .
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** 13.4 Variation-selection in a design community. .
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## 13.5 Observations. .
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** 13.5 Observations. .
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# 14 Learning to be inventive: design, evaluation and selection in primary school technology by Joan Solomon. 190.
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* 14 Learning to be inventive: design, evaluation and selection in primary school technology by Joan Solomon. 190.
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## 14.1 Education. .
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** 14.1 Education. .
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## 14.2 The nature of technology..
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** 14.2 The nature of technology..
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## 14.3 Technology and history. .
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** 14.3 Technology and history. .
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## 14.4 Starting the design process. .
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** 14.4 Starting the design process. .
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## 14.5 Problems with drawing for selection. .
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** 14.5 Problems with drawing for selection. .
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## 14.6 Spatial ability and mental modelling . .
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** 14.6 Spatial ability and mental modelling . .
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## 14.7 Evaluation. .
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** 14.7 Evaluation. .
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## 14.8 Creativity and conclusions. .
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** 14.8 Creativity and conclusions. .
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# 15 Technological evolution as self-fulfilling prophecy by Geoffrey Miller. 203.
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* 15 Technological evolution as self-fulfilling prophecy by Geoffrey Miller. 203.
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## 15.1 From genetic algorithms to Darwinian engineering. .
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** 15.1 From genetic algorithms to Darwinian engineering. .
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## 15.2 How computer science ulmed Darwinian. .
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** 15.2 How computer science ulmed Darwinian. .
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## 15.3 How genetic algorithms work. .
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** 15.3 How genetic algorithms work. .
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## 15.4 Some strengths and weaknesses of genetic algorithms. .
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** 15.4 Some strengths and weaknesses of genetic algorithms. .
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## 15.5 Fitness evaluation in Darwinian engineering. .
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** 15.5 Fitness evaluation in Darwinian engineering. .
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## 15.6 The future of technological evolution. .
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** 15.6 The future of technological evolution. .
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# 16 Recursive practice and the evolution of technological knowledge by Edward Constant. 219.
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* 16 Recursive practice and the evolution of technological knowledge by Edward Constant. 219.
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## Introduction. .
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** 16.1 Introduction. .
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## Recursion in engineering science and practice. .
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** 16.2 Recursion in engineering science and practice. .
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## What evolves? .
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** 16.3 What evolves? .
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## A quasi-Bayesian solution. .
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** 16.4 A quasi-Bayesian solution. .
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## Recursion and rationality. .
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** 16.5 Recursion and rationality. .
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## Recursive practice and the evolution of technological knowledge. .
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** 16.6 Recursive practice and the evolution of technological knowledge. .
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# 17 The concept of 'design space' by Rikard Stankiewicz. .
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* 17 The concept of 'design space' by Rikard Stankiewicz. 234.
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## 234. .
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** 17.1 A conceptual framework for technological evolution. .
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## 17.1 A conceptual framework for technological evolution. .
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** 17.2 Cognitive dimensions of technology. .
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## 17.2 Cognitive dimensions of technology. .
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** 17.3 Design spaces. .
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## 17.3 Design spaces. .
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** 17.4 Dynamics of design spaces. .
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## 17.4 Dynamics of design spaces. .
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** 17.5 The evolutionary regimes of technology. .
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## 17.5 The evolutionary regimes of technology. .
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** 17.6 Structuring design spaces. .
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## 17.6 Structuring design spaces. .
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** 17.7 Design languages. .
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## 17.7 Design languages. .
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** 17.8 Hierarchies of design languages. .
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## 17.8 Hierarchies of design languages. .
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** 17.9 The expansion of design spaces
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## 17.9 The expansion of design spaces
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** 17.10 The convergence of design spaces. .
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## 17.10 The convergence of design spaces. .
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** 17.11 Technological change as conceptual evolution. .
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## 17.11 Technological change as conceptual evolution. .
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** 17.12 Organizational and institutional implications. .
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## 17.12 Organizational and institutional implications. .
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* 18 Artefact <&mdash;> activity: the coevolution of artefacts, knowledge and organization in technological innovation by James Fleck. 248.
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# 18 Artefact <-> activity: the coevolution of artefacts, knowledge and organization in technological innovation by James Fleck. 248.
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** 18.1 Introduction. 248.
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## 18.1 Introduction. 248. .
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** 18.2 Technology development. 248.
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## 18.2 Technology development. 248.
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** 18.3 The units for technological evolution. 249.
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## 18.3 The units for technological evolution. 249.
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** 18.4 The role of artefacts. 251.
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## 18.4 The role of artefacts. 251.
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** 18.5 The role of knowledge. 254.
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## 18.5 The role of knowledge. 254.
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** 18.6 The role of organization. 256.
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## 18.6 The role of organization. 256.
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** 18.7 Thl! artefact-activity couple . 257.
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## 18.7 Thl! artefact-activity couple . 257.
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** 18.8 Stable replication. 259.
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## 18.8 Stable replication. 259.
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** 18.9 Technological lineages. 260.
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## 18.9 Technological lineages. 260.
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** 18.10 Variation and innovation. 263.
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## 18.10 Variation and innovation. 263.
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** 18.11 Lamarckanism, Darwinism and neo-Darwinism in technological evolution. 265.
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## 18.11 Lamarckanism, Darwinism and neo-Darwinism in technological evolution. 265.
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* 19 The organization of innovative enterprises by Gerard Fairtlough. .
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# 19 The organization of innovative enterprises by Gerard Fairtlough. .
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** 19.1 Styles of organization and patterns of evolution. .
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## 19.1 Styles of organization and patterns of evolution. .
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** 19.2 A typology of innovation. .
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## 19.2 A typology of innovation. .
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** 19.3 Types of organization. .
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## 19.3 Types of organization. .
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** 19.4 Choosing the right management style. .
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## 19.4 Choosing the right management style. .
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** 19.5 features of innovative organizations. .
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## 19.5 features of innovative organizations. .
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** 19.6 Organization and technological evolution. .
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## 19.6 Organization and technological evolution. .
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* 20 The evolution of war and technology by Edward Constant. 281.
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# 20 The evolution of war and technology by Edward Constant. 281.
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** 20.1 The partnership of Mars and Vulcan. .
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## 20.1 The partnership of Mars and Vulcan. .
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** 20.2 Macroevolution. .
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## 20.2 Macroevolution. .
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** 20.3 Coevolution and complementarities. .
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## 20.3 Coevolution and complementarities. .
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** 20.4 'Fitness' and the problem of selection. .
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## 20.4 'Fitness' and the problem of selection. .
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** 20.5 Directed mutation. vicarious selection and institutional memory. .
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## 20.5 Directed mutation. vicarious selection and institutional memory. .
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* 21 Learning about technology in society: developing liberating literacy by Janet Davies Burns. 299.
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# 21 Learning about technology in society: developing liberating literacy by Janet Davies Burns. 299.
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** 21.1 Understanding technological change. .
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## 21.1 Understanding technological change. .
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** 21.2 The role of social groups in technological development. .
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## 21.2 The role of social groups in technological development. .
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** 21.3 Liberating literacy. .
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## 21.3 Liberating literacy. .
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** 21.4 Liberating literacy in a risk society. .
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## 21.4 Liberating literacy in a risk society. .
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** 21.5 Education for technology. .
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## 21.5 Education for technology. .
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** 21.6 Conclusion. .
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## 21.6 Conclusion. .
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* 22 An end-word  by all contributors. .
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# 22 An end-word  by all contributors. .
 
 
* Note. .
 
* Note. .
 
* Bibliography. .
 
* Bibliography. .
Línea 186: Línea 185:
  
 
==El libro en la editorial==
 
==El libro en la editorial==
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* [ Technological innovation as an evolutionary process] en Cambridge University Press.
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* [http://www.cambridge.org/ar/knowledge/isbn/item1151300/?site_locale=es_AR Technological innovation as an evolutionary process] en Cambridge University Press.
  
 
==Transclusión==
 
==Transclusión==

Revisión del 21:10 16 dic 2011

Responsable::Ziman, John (compilador); Titulo::''Technological innovation as an evolutionary process''; Editorial::Cambridge University Press; Lugar_Edicion::Cambridge (Inglaterra); Año_Edicion::2000; [[:IL::ISBN 9780521542173]] (Ziman TIEP)


Contenido

Los artefactos y los organismos biológicos evolucionan por procesos aparentemente similares de variación no orientada y selección retentiva. En este libro un grupo de expertos internacionales —de campos tan variados como la biología evolucionista, historia y sociología de la ciencia y la tecnologìa, ciencias cognitivas, informática, economía, educación, antropología cultural y conducción de empresas— explora sistemáticamente esta sugestiva analogía. ¿Tienen los memes tecnológicos el mismo rol que los genes? ¿En qué sentido son "no orientadas" las innovaciones tecnológicas? El diseño, ¿hace a las innovaciones "lamarckianas"? La creatividad tecnológica, ¿proviene de una recombinación de ideas preexistentes? ¿Es posible hacer simulaciones computadas de los procesos de invención? ¿Qué es lo que evoluciona: los artefactos, las ideas o las organizaciones? Estas son algunas de las muchas preguntas generadas y parcialmente respondidas por la metáfora biológica de la tecnología. Al tiempo que ilustra el poder explicativo del esquema evolutivo en contextos suficientemente definidos, el libro presenta una contribución original a disciplinas concernientes al cambio cultural, como la Arqueología Evolutiva.

Índice

220px


  • List of contributors. xiii.
  • Preface. xv.
  • 1 . Evolutionary models for technological change by John Ziman. .
    • 1.1 The biological analogies. .
    • 1.2 The technological 'disanalogies'. .
    • 1.3 Is 'evolution' compatible with 'design'? .
    • 1.4 Artefacts as cultural constructs. .
    • I.5 Institutions. roles and behaviour. .
    • 1.6 Selection ism versus instructionism. .
    • 1.7 Undcrst.1nding innovation. .
  • 2 Biological evolution: processes and phenomena by Eva Jablonka and John Ziman. .
    • 2.1 Darwin's theory today. .
    • 2.2 Heritable variation. .
    • 2.3 Multiplication and heredity. .
    • 2.4 The objects of selection. .
    • 2.5 Adaptation. .
    • 2.6 Speciation and macroevolution. .
    • 2.7 Progress and its ambivalences. .
  • 3 . Lamarckian inheritance systems in biology: a source of metaphors and models in technological evolution by Eva Jablonka. .
    • 3.1 The genic model. .
    • 3.2 Dysfunctions of the genic model in cultural evolution. .
    • 3.3 Epigenetic inheritance systems (EISs). .
    • 3.4 Induction and selection of epigenetic variations. .
    • 3.5 The 'unit' problem. .
  • 4 Selectionism and complexity by John Ziman. .
    • 4.1 Adaptation by selection. .
    • 4.2 Other selective systems in biology. .
    • 4.3 Selectionist methodology. .
    • 4.4 Emergent properties of computer models. .
    • 4.5 Complexity theory. .
  • 5 Evolutionary phenomena in technological change by Joel Mokyr. .
    • 5.1 Introduction. .
    • 5.2 Techniques and evolution. .
    • 5.3 Selection units and replicators. .
    • 5.4 Vehicles and interactors. .
    • 5.5 Selection and teleology. .
    • 5.6 Innovation and adaptation. .
    • 5.7 Summary: information and selection. .
  • 6 Selection criteria and selection processes in cultural evolution theories by Richard Nelson. 66.
    • 6.1 Different perspectives on technological evolution. .
    • 6.2 Technological change as one aspect of cultural evolution. .
    • 6.3 Differing views on selection criteria and mechanisms. .
    • 6.4 Technology as both practice and understanding. .
  • 7 Technological evolution and involution: a preliminary comparison of Europe and Japan by Alan Macfarlane and Sarah Harrison. .
    • 7.1 The industrious revolution. .
    • 7.2 The West·European trajectory. .
    • 7.3 The decline in the use of domesticated animals in japan. .
    • 7.4 The declining use of the wheel in Japan. .
    • 7.5 The outcome: intensive rice agriculture inJapan. .
    • 7.6 The puzzle of the different trajectory of Europe and Japan. .
    • 7.7 Possible reasons for the absence of domesticated animals in Japan. .
    • 7.8 Theories to explain the declining use of the wheel. .
  • 8 Stasis in complex artefacts by Gerry Martin. .
    • 8.1 A skilled craft in a sophisticated civilization. .
    • 8.2 The Japanese sword. .
    • 8.3 Iron + 0.7% carbon = steel. .
    • 8.4 Quench hardening. .
    • 8.5 Keeping to what has been found. from long experience, to work. .
  • 9 Gothic tales of spandrels, hooks and monsters: complexity, multiplicity and association in the explanation of technological change by David Turnbull. 101.
    • 9.1 Explaining technological change. .
    • 9.2 Two contrasting stories. .
    • 9.3 The social construction of science and technology. .
    • 9.4 Thinking with cathedrals. .
    • 9.5 The power of the template. .
    • 9.6 The power of talk. .
    • 9.7 Theory and practice. .
    • 9.8 Analysing artefacts in use. .
  • 10 Path dependence and varieties ofiearning in the evolution of technological practice by Paula A. David. 118.
    • 10.1 Introduction: varieties of learning in the economics of technology. 118.
    • 10.2 A concrete historical application. 121.
    • 10.3 Inquiry by means of computer simulation: the 'Bayesian adaptive rhythm (BAR) model. 122.
    • 10.4 The historical frame and the computational bounds upon inferential learning . 124. .
    • 10.5 Simulation results . 127.
    • 10.6 Some extrapolations . 129.
    • 10.7 Imtructionist versus selectionist mechanisms in evolution . 131.
  • 11 Invention and evolution: the case of Edison's sketches of the telephone by W. Bernard Carlson. 137.
    • 11.1 The evolutionary role of the inventor . 137.
    • 11.2 Demystifying the process of invention . 138.
    • 11.3 A historical interlude: Edison, acoustic telegraphy, and the Reis telephone 139.
    • 11.4 Edison's transfonnative sketches ofthe Reis telephone . 143.
    • 11.5 Another historical interlude: Bell. Western Union and Edison's contract . 148.
    • 11.6 Sketches as fossils: taking a palaeontological approach . 149.
    • 11.7 Making maps to find patterns in the fossil record . 150.
    • 11.8 A narrative overview of Edison's work on the telephone . 151.
    • 11.9 So what do these maps tell us about invention and evolution? . 155.
    • 11.10 Edison as breeder. 157.
  • 12 The evolution of adaptive form by David Perkins. .
    • 12.1 The evolution of adaptive form. .
    • 12.2 The challenge of adaptive form. .
    • 12.3 Strategies of search. .
    • 12.4 How biological evolution is Klondike smart. .
    • 12.5 How human invention is Klondike smarter. .
    • 12.6 Is invention Lamarckian or Darwinian?. .
  • 13 Real-world variation-selection in the evolution of technological form: historical examples by Walter G. Vincenti. 174.
    • 13.1 The constraints of the real world. .
    • 13.2 Variation-selection in direct use. .
    • 13.3 Variation-selection in design. .
    • 13.4 Variation-selection in a design community. .
    • 13.5 Observations. .
  • 14 Learning to be inventive: design, evaluation and selection in primary school technology by Joan Solomon. 190.
    • 14.1 Education. .
    • 14.2 The nature of technology..
    • 14.3 Technology and history. .
    • 14.4 Starting the design process. .
    • 14.5 Problems with drawing for selection. .
    • 14.6 Spatial ability and mental modelling . .
    • 14.7 Evaluation. .
    • 14.8 Creativity and conclusions. .
  • 15 Technological evolution as self-fulfilling prophecy by Geoffrey Miller. 203.
    • 15.1 From genetic algorithms to Darwinian engineering. .
    • 15.2 How computer science ulmed Darwinian. .
    • 15.3 How genetic algorithms work. .
    • 15.4 Some strengths and weaknesses of genetic algorithms. .
    • 15.5 Fitness evaluation in Darwinian engineering. .
    • 15.6 The future of technological evolution. .
  • 16 Recursive practice and the evolution of technological knowledge by Edward Constant. 219.
    • 16.1 Introduction. .
    • 16.2 Recursion in engineering science and practice. .
    • 16.3 What evolves? .
    • 16.4 A quasi-Bayesian solution. .
    • 16.5 Recursion and rationality. .
    • 16.6 Recursive practice and the evolution of technological knowledge. .
  • 17 The concept of 'design space' by Rikard Stankiewicz. 234.
    • 17.1 A conceptual framework for technological evolution. .
    • 17.2 Cognitive dimensions of technology. .
    • 17.3 Design spaces. .
    • 17.4 Dynamics of design spaces. .
    • 17.5 The evolutionary regimes of technology. .
    • 17.6 Structuring design spaces. .
    • 17.7 Design languages. .
    • 17.8 Hierarchies of design languages. .
    • 17.9 The expansion of design spaces
    • 17.10 The convergence of design spaces. .
    • 17.11 Technological change as conceptual evolution. .
    • 17.12 Organizational and institutional implications. .
  • 18 Artefact <—> activity: the coevolution of artefacts, knowledge and organization in technological innovation by James Fleck. 248.
    • 18.1 Introduction. 248.
    • 18.2 Technology development. 248.
    • 18.3 The units for technological evolution. 249.
    • 18.4 The role of artefacts. 251.
    • 18.5 The role of knowledge. 254.
    • 18.6 The role of organization. 256.
    • 18.7 Thl! artefact-activity couple . 257.
    • 18.8 Stable replication. 259.
    • 18.9 Technological lineages. 260.
    • 18.10 Variation and innovation. 263.
    • 18.11 Lamarckanism, Darwinism and neo-Darwinism in technological evolution. 265.
  • 19 The organization of innovative enterprises by Gerard Fairtlough. .
    • 19.1 Styles of organization and patterns of evolution. .
    • 19.2 A typology of innovation. .
    • 19.3 Types of organization. .
    • 19.4 Choosing the right management style. .
    • 19.5 features of innovative organizations. .
    • 19.6 Organization and technological evolution. .
  • 20 The evolution of war and technology by Edward Constant. 281.
    • 20.1 The partnership of Mars and Vulcan. .
    • 20.2 Macroevolution. .
    • 20.3 Coevolution and complementarities. .
    • 20.4 'Fitness' and the problem of selection. .
    • 20.5 Directed mutation. vicarious selection and institutional memory. .
  • 21 Learning about technology in society: developing liberating literacy by Janet Davies Burns. 299.
    • 21.1 Understanding technological change. .
    • 21.2 The role of social groups in technological development. .
    • 21.3 Liberating literacy. .
    • 21.4 Liberating literacy in a risk society. .
    • 21.5 Education for technology. .
    • 21.6 Conclusion. .
  • 22 An end-word by all contributors. .
  • Note. .
  • Bibliography. .
  • Index. .

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Ziman, John (compilador); Technological innovation as an evolutionary process; Cambridge University Press; Cambridge (Inglaterra); 2000; ISBN 9780521542173 (Ziman TIEP)

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